Springer Nature

Title	Springer Nature
Class	Professional Publisher (Very Large)
URL	http://www.springernature.com
Owner	Verlagsgruppe Georg von Holtzbrinck and BC Partners. Springer Nature’s open access publishing comprises the BMC, Nature Research, Palgrave Macmillan, Springer and Apress imprints.
Address	UK: 4 Crinan Street, London, N1 9XW, United Kingdom Germany: Heidelberger Platz 3, 14197 Berlin, Germany
Copyright and Licensing	Journals: https://www.springernature.com/gp/open-research/policies/journal-policies Books: https://www.springernature.com/gp/open-research/policies/book-policies
Copyright and Licensing Policy	• CC BY is used for all articles in the BMC and SpringerOpen journals, in Nature Communications, the Communications journals, Scientific Reports, Scientific Data, Palgrave Communications, and for OA articles in the majority of Springer hybrid and Transformative Journals. It is also the licence used for all other Springer Nature-owned fully open access journals and for OA content in all hybrid/Transformative Journals in the Palgrave Macmillan portfolio and in the academic titles on the nature.com platform. • A very small number of journals, including those published under the Adis imprint, continue to use the Creative Commons Attribution Non- Commercial 4.0 International Licence (CC BY-NC) as their default licence. Where there is a funder requirement, Springer Nature will accept requests to publish under the Creative Commons Attribution v4.0 International licence (CC BY) licence. • Supplementary data published in BMC journals and metadata in Scientific Data’s Data Descriptors is made available under the CC0 waiver to promote maximum reuse. • Copyright in any open access article or book published by Springer Nature is retained by the author(s). Authors grant Springer Nature a licence to publish the article and identify the appropriate imprint as the original publisher.
Complaint email	ORSupport@springernature.com
Complaint policy	Complaints are handled on a case-by-case basis. Authors who wish to appeal a rejection or make a complaint should, in the first instance, contact the journal or book editor. General complaints can be directed to the central customer services teams at the address above.
Publication charge link	Journals: https://www.springernature.com/gp/open-research/journals-books/journals Books and chapters: https://www.springernature.com/gp/open-research/journals-books/books/pricing
Publication charge policy	As costs are involved in every stage of the publication process, from peer-review to copy editing and hosting the final article on dedicated servers, authors are asked to pay an article processing charge (APC) or book processing charge (BPC) in order for their article or book to be published open access under a Creative Commons licence. Journals Authors publishing in fully open access journals are asked to confirm on submission that they agree to pay the APC, and the APC is payable if and when an article is editorially accepted. In some journals, the APCs are fully or in part covered by a sponsoring organisation. At some institutions, open access fees in fully open access journals are covered by fully open access agreements. When publishing in fully open access journals, authors in low-income countries publishing in fully open access journals are eligible for APC waivers. In addition, discretionary waivers and /or discounts are considered on a case-by-case basis, and may be granted in cases of financial need. See https://www.springernature.com/gp/open-research/policies/journal-policies/apc-waiver-countries At some institutions, open access fees in hybrid journals are covered by Transformative Agreements. Books Authors publishing OA books are asked to pay a BPC following final acceptance of their manuscript for publication and prior to publication of their book.
OASPA Compliant OA Journals	600 fully OA and 2,200 hybrid OA
OA articles approx. number in 12 months	1+ million OA articles in 2021: https://www.springernature.com/gp/open-research/1-million-gold-open-access-articles
OASPA Compliant OA Books	2,000+ since 2012
Initiatives	Making research immediately available for all to read, share and use, has been at the heart of the publisher’s publishing models and policies for over 20 years. An early mover in the space - BMC was the first commercial open access publisher driving models adopted today, Springer compact agreements paved the way for today’s Transformative Agreements (TA) and the introduction of Transformative Journals (TJs) provided all authors with the ability to publish OA, and Nature became the first highly selective title and portfolio to offer an OA option in 2021. More about the commitment to, and timeline of, OA can be seen here: https://fullyopen.springernature.com/how-we-are-advancing-open-access/ More on our commitment to open science and our outreach can be found on https://www.springernature.com/gp/open-research and on the Springboard blog: https://www.springernature.com/gp/advancing-discovery/springboard/blog/open-research
Peer review process	Peer review processes vary by journal; please consult individual journal websites for details. • BMC peer review • SpringerOpen peer review • Nature journals peer review
Peer review policy	All journal articles and books published by Springer Nature are peer reviewed, including all open access content, and peer review plays an important role as part of our quality assurance. Authors publishing in hybrid journals are not asked to confirm whether they would like to publish their article open access until after it has been accepted, and all submitted articles go through the same rigorous process of editorial consideration and peer review. There is some variation in the peer-review process depending on the journal and academic field. For example: • At some journals, including Nature Communications, the peer-review process is run by professional editors who are based in-house. • Some titles, including all the medical titles in the BMC series journals, ask reviewers to sign their reviews, and the pre-publication history of each paper (submitted versions, reviewer’ reports, authors’ responses) is posted on the web with the published article. • Journals operating closed peer review may use single- or double-blind peer review; typically this varies according to the convention for their academic field.